In severe cases, patients can be given oxygen, intravenous fluids, and breathing support. And even if it does, we now have the knowledge and resources to control it. New cases of the bubonic plague found in China are making headlines. An epidemic is when an infectious disease spreads to many people within a community or area. Learn about the biggest outbreaks in United States….
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Shigellosis is a bacterial infection that affects the digestive system. In recent decades, an average of 7 human plague cases are reported each year range: cases per year. Worldwide, between 1, and 2, cases each year are reported to the World Health Organization external icon WHO , though the true number is likely much higher. Plague can still be fatal despite effective antibiotics, though it is lower for bubonic plague cases than for septicemic or pneumonic plague cases.
It is hard to assess the mortality rate of plague in developing countries, as relatively few cases are reliably diagnosed and reported to health authorities. Plague can be successfully treated with antibiotics. Once a patient is diagnosed with suspected plague they should be hospitalized and, in the case of pneumonic plague, medically isolated.
Laboratory tests should be done, including blood cultures for plague bacteria and microscopic examination of lymph node, blood, and sputum samples.
Antibiotic treatment should begin as soon as possible after laboratory specimens are taken. To prevent a high risk of death in patients with pneumonic plague, antibiotics should be given as soon as possible, preferably within 24 hours of the first symptoms. Although cases can occur any time of the year, most cases in the United States are acquired from late spring to early fall.
Plague occurs in rural and semi-rural areas of the western United States. Plague is most common in the southwestern states, particularly New Mexico, Arizona, and Colorado. Human plague occurs in areas where the bacteria are present in wild rodent populations. The risks are generally highest in rural and semi-rural areas, including homes that provide food and shelter for various ground squirrels, chipmunks and wood rats, or other areas where you may encounter rodents.
A plague vaccine is not available. New plague vaccines are in development but are not expected to be commercially available in the immediate future. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Can plague be prevented? Can it be treated? What should I do if I think I may have been exposed to plague? Plague is a disease caused by a kind of bacteria.
In nature, the disease is spread from rodents to humans by the bite of a flea. During the fourteenth century, this illness spread across the world in three large waves, killing one-third to one-half of the population in places where outbreaks occurred.
Thanks to improved sanitation and living conditions, outbreaks of plague are now rare. However, up to 2, cases are reported each year worldwide, including about 15 cases in the southwestern U. Symptoms of pneumonic plague include high fever, chest pain, cough, shortness of breath and coughing up bloody fluid or mucus.
Unless antibiotic treatment is started within 24 hours, the patient can quickly go into shock and die. For patients who do not receive immediate treatment, the death rate is nearly percent. Symptoms of pneumonic plague typically appear within one or two days after exposure to the bacteria. People get bubonic plague from infected animals.
A suspected case of bubonic plague has been reported to Chinese authorities. It is not known how the patient became infected, but the country is on alert for more cases. Plague is one of the deadliest diseases in human history - but it can now be easily treated with antibiotics. Plague is a potentially lethal infectious disease that is caused by bacteria called Yersinia pestis that live in some animals - mainly rodents - and their fleas.
Bubonic plague is the most common form of the disease that people can get. The name comes from the symptoms it causes - painful, swollen lymph nodes or 'buboes' in the groin or armpit. From to there were 3, cases reported worldwide, including deaths. Historically, it has also been called the Black Death, in reference to the gangrenous blackening and death of body parts, such as the fingers and toes, that can happen with the illness.
A person usually becomes ill with bubonic plague between two and six days after being infected.
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